Common names: Russell's viper, chain viper, Indian Russell's viper, (more). Daboia is a
monotypic genus created for a
venomous viper species, D. russelii, which is found in
Asia throughout the
Indian subcontinent, much of
Southeast Asia, southern
China and
Taiwan. Within much of its range, this species is easily the most dangerous
viperid snake and a major cause of snakebite injury and mortality. It is a member of the
big four venomous snakes in
India, which are together responsible for nearly all Indian snakebite fatalities. The species was named in honor of Dr.
Patrick Russell (1726 - 1805), who had earlier described this animal, and the genus after the
Hindi name for it, which means "that lies hid", or "the lurker." Two subspecies are currently recognized, including the typical form described here.
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