Constitutional Court of South Africa

The South African Constitutional Court was established in 1994 by South Africa's first democratic constitution: the Interim Constitution of 1993. In terms of the 1996 Constitution the Constitutional Court established in 1994 continues to hold office. The court began its first sessions in February 1995. Since February 2004, Constitution Hill in Johannesburg has been the seat of the court. The court consists of eleven judges, headed by a Chief Justice and Deputy Chief Justice. Currently eight of the judges are men and three are women. They may serve for a non-renewable term of 12 years, but must, in any event, retire at the age of 70 even if their 12 year term has not been completed. They are all independent. Their duty is to uphold the law and the constitution, which they must apply impartially and without fear, favour or prejudice.
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