Internment
This article is about the usage and history of the terms concentration camp, internment camp and internment. For a listing of individual camps, see
List of concentration and internment camps. For German concentration camps during World War II, see
Nazi concentration camps. For the policy of Internment in Northern Ireland, see
Operation Demetrius. Internment is the imprisonment or confinement of people, commonly in large groups, without trial. The Oxford English Dictionary (1989) gives the meaning as "The action of ‘interning’; confinement within the limits of a country or place". Most modern usage is about individuals, for example the policy of Internment introduced by the Northern Ireland government in 1971 in an attempt to reduce terrorism (see
Operation Demetrius). There is a distinction between internment, which is being confined usually for preventative or political reasons, and imprisonment, which is being closely confined as a punishment for crime. "Internment" also refers to the practice of
neutral countries in time of
war in detaining belligerent
armed forces and equipment in their territories under the
Second Hague Convention.
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Camp de concentration
L'expression « camp de concentration » fut créée à la fin du . En effet, l'innovation technique du fil de fer barbelé permit de clore de vastes espaces à peu de frais. La première utilisation de ce terme se fit à propos de la
guerre des Boers, comme innovation britannique. Il était inspiré du terme espagnol « re-concentration », utilisé par les Espagnols pendant la
guerre avec Cuba (1895-1898).
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Konzentrationslager
Obóz koncentracyjny
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Campo di concentramento
Per campo di concentramento (o campo di internamento) si intende una struttura carceraria all'aperto, per la detenzione di civili e/o militari. È solitamente provvisoria, atta a detenere grandi quantità di persone, e spesso usata per prigionieri di guerra, destinati (nel migliore dei casi) ad essere scambiati o rilasciati alla fine del conflitto.
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