The Columbian Mammoth (Mammuthus columbi), is an extinct species of
elephant that inhabited
North America between 100,000 and 9,000 years ago. It is believed by some people to be the same species as its slightly larger cousin,
M. imperator, because of their similarities in
fossil location and size. It was one of the largest of the
mammoth species and also one of the largest elephants to have ever lived, measuring 4 metres, or 13 feet, at the shoulder and weighing 10,000
kg (9.8
tons). It was a
herbivore, with a diet consisting of varied plant life ranging from
grasses to
conifers. It is also theorized that the Columbian Mammoth ate the giant fruits of North America such as the
Osage-orange,
Kentucky coffee and
Honey locust as there was no other large herbivore in North America then that could ingest these fruits. Using studies of African elephants, it has been estimated that a large male would have eaten approximately 700 pounds, or 318.2 kilograms, of plant material daily. A pair of Columbian Mammoth tusks discovered in central Texas was the largest ever found for any elephant: 5 metres, or 16 feet, long.
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COLUMBIAN MAMMOTH
The Columbian Mammoth (Mammuthus columbi) was the largest mammal to have been trapped in the La Brea Tar Pits. Some individuals stood over 13 feet tall. The mammoth migrated into North America from Asia about 2 million years ago. The Columbian Mammoth was larger, but less hairy, than the wooly mammoth which lived near the ice sheets in the northern end of the continent. The mammoth became extinct about 11,000 years ago - about the same time the first humans migrated into North America.
TIME - Late Pliocene to Late Pleistocene
RANGE - North America, south of the ice sheets.
DIET - Mostly grass but also leaves.
SIZE - 12ft (3.6 m) at the shoulders.
WEIGHT - 10,000 lbs (4,600 kg)
see time period
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