Colonial history of the United States of America refers to the history of the territory that would become the
United States from the start of European settlement to the time of independence from Europe, and especially to the history of the
thirteen colonies of Britain which declared themselves independent in 1776. Starting in the late
16th century, the
British, the
French, the
Spanish, and the
Dutch began to colonize eastern
North America. The first English attempts—notably the Lost Colony of Roanoke—ended in failure, but successful colonies were soon established. The colonists who came to the
New World were not alike, they came from a variety of different social and religious groups who settled in different locations on the seaboard. The Dutch of
New Netherland, the
Swedes and
Finns of
New Sweden, the
Quakers of
Pennsylvania, the
Puritans of
New England, the English settlers of
Jamestown, and the "worthy poor" of
Georgia, and others—each group came to the new continent for different reasons and created colonies with distinct social, religious, political and economic structures.
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