Clostridium difficile

Clostridium difficile or CDF/cdf' (commonly mistaken , alternatively and correctly pronounced ) (NB: Latin 'c' is always hard, as in 'k' in 'kaiser', and terminal 'e' rhymes with 'hay') (also referred to as C. diff or C-diff) is a species of bacteria of the genus Clostridium which are Gram-positive, anaerobic, spore-forming rods (bacillus). C. difficile is the most significant cause of pseudomembranous colitis, a severe infection of the colon, often after normal gut flora is eradicated by the use of antibiotics. Treatment is by stopping any antibiotics and commencing specific anticlostridial antibiotics, e.g. metronidazole.
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Clostridium difficile A common cause of bacterial colitis; it is the causative agent in 99% of pseudomembranous colitis, and 20-30% of [more]Clostridium difficile - Community and Resources

A bacterium, one of the most common causes of infection of the large bowel (colon) in the U.S. affecting millions of people yearly. Patients taking antibiotics are at risk of becoming infected with C. difficile.Antibiotics disrupt the normal bacteria of the bowel, allowing C. difficile bacteria to become established in the colon. Many persons infected with C. difficile bacteria have no symptoms. These people become carriers of the bacteria and can infect others. In other people, a toxin produced by C. difficile causes diarrhea, abdominal pain, severe inflammation of the colon (colitis), fever, an elevated white blood count, vomiting and dehydration. In severely affected patients, the inner lining of the colon becomes severely inflamed (a condition called pseudomembranous colitis). Rarely, the walls of the colon wear away and holes develop (colon perforation), which can lead to a life-threatening infection of the abdomen.