Civil procedure is the body of law that sets out the process that
courts will follow when hearing cases of a civil nature (a "
civil action", as opposed to a
criminal action). These rules govern how a
lawsuit or
case may be commenced, what kind of
service of process is required, the types of
pleadings or
statements of case,
motions or applications, and
orders allowed in civil cases, the timing and manner of
depositions and
discovery or
disclosure, the conduct of
trials, the process for
judgment, various available
remedies, and how the courts and clerks must function.
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