Cinchona

n. type of evergreen tree; bark of the cinchona tree which yields quinine

Cinchona is a genus of about 25 species in the family Rubiaceae, native to tropical South America. They are large shrubs or small trees growing to 5-15 metres tall with evergreen foliage.The leaves are opposite, rounded to lanceolate, 10-40 cm long. The flowers are white, pink or red, produced in terminal panicles. The fruit is a small capsule containing numerous seeds.The name of the genus is due to Linnaeus, who named the tree in 1742 after a Countess of Chinchon, the wife of a viceroy of Peru, who, in 1638, was introduced by natives to the medicinal properties of the bark. Stories of the medicinal properties of this bark, however, are perhaps noted in journals as far back as the 1560s-1570s (see the Ortiz link below).
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Noun
1. any of several trees of the genus Cinchona
(synonym) chinchona
(hypernym) tree
(hyponym) Cartagena bark, Cinchona cordifolia, Cinchona lancifolia
(member-holonym) genus Cinchona, genus Chinchona
(part-meronym) cinchona bark, Peruvian bark, Jesuit's bark

n. chinchona

n. cinchona, type of evergreen tree; bark of the cinchona tree which yields quinine