Charles II (Charles Stuart;
29 May 1630 –
6 February 1685) was the
King of
England,
Scotland, and
Ireland. According to
royalists, Charles II became king when his father
Charles I was executed at
Whitehall on
30 January 1649, the climax of the
English Civil War. The
English Parliament did not proclaim Charles II king at this time, however, and England entered the period known to history as the
English Interregnum. The
Parliament of Scotland, on the other hand, proclaimed Charles II
King of Scots on
5 February 1649 in
Edinburgh. He was crowned King of Scots at
Scone on
1 January 1651. Following his defeat at the
Battle of Worcester on
3 September 1651, Charles fled to the continent and spent the next nine years in exile in
France, the
United Provinces and the
Spanish Netherlands.
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