Canberra (pronounced ) is the
capital city of the Commonwealth of
Australia. With a population of over 332,000, it is Australia's largest inland
city. The city is located at the northern end of the
Australian Capital Territory, south-west of
Sydney, and north-east of
Melbourne. The site of Canberra was selected for the location of the nation's capital in 1908 as a compromise between Sydney and Melbourne, the two largest cities. It is unusual among Australian cities, being an entirely purpose-built,
planned city. Following an international contest for the city's design, a design by the
Chicago architects
Walter Burley Griffin and
Marion Mahony Griffin was selected and construction commenced in 1913. The city's design was heavily influenced by the
garden city movement and incorporates significant areas of natural vegetation that have earned Canberra the title "bush capital". Although the growth and development of Canberra were hindered by the World Wars and the
Great Depression, it emerged as a thriving city after
World War II.
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