[Image:Cameroon boundary changes.PNG|thumb|right|Cameroon over time ]]This article is about the historical French colony. For the modern nation, see
Cameroon.Cameroun was a
French mandate territory in central Africa, now constituting the majority of the territory of the
Republic of Cameroon.The area of present-day Cameroon was integrated to
French Equatorial Africa (AEF) during the "
Scramble for Africa" at the end of the 19th century. However, in 1911 France ceded parts of the territory to German Cameroon, known as
Neukamerun (
Middle Congo) as a result of the
Agadir Crisis, and it became a German
protectorate. During
World War I, it was occupied by
British and French troops, and later
mandated to each country by the
League of Nations in
1922. The British mandate was known as
Cameroons and the French as Cameroun. Following
World War II each of the mandate territories was made a
United Nations Trust Territory. An insurrection headed by
Ruben Um Nyobé and the
Union of the Peoples of Cameroon (UPC) erupted in 1955, strongly repressed by the French Fourth Republic. Cameroun became independent as the Republic of Cameroun in January, 1960 and in October, 1961 the southern part of British Cameroons joined to form the
Federal Republic of Cameroon. The Muslim northern part of Cameroons had opted for union with
Nigeria in May the same year. The conflict with the UPC lasted until the 1970s.
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