Coccidioidomycosis (also known as Valley fever, California valley fever, and (incorrectly) coccidiomycosis) is a
fungal disease caused by
Coccidioides immitis or C. posadasii. It is
endemic in certain parts of
Arizona,
California,
Nevada,
New Mexico,
Texas,
Utah and northwestern
Mexico.C. immitis resides in the soil in certain parts of the southwestern
United States, northern Mexico, and a few other areas in the
Western Hemisphere. Infection is caused by inhalation of airborne, fungal particles known as
arthroconidia, which are a form of
spore. The disease is not transmitted from person to person. C. immitis is a dimorphic saprophytic organism that grows as a
mycelium in the soil and produces a spherule form in the host organism.
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