Caer
For the character in
Irish mythology, see
Caer Ibormeith.For the place in France, see Caer, France. In
Welsh language, a caer or kaer was a royal residence during the
1st millennium AD or earlier. Caer can be loosely translated
castle or
palace or
fort but no one English word captures the essence of a caer. A caer was home to a king, his royal family, and his retinue. This retinue was composed of the teulu, a warband of loyal retainers, a following of monks and scholars, and his chief advisers, and his bards who provided entertainment in music and poetry; together with their retinue of
squires,
artisans,
servants,
slaves and horses. Caers were famed for their great feasts that could last as long as a year, at which the kings and upper classes of two or several kingdoms would gather. Giving of feasts was a primary sign of wealth and status in Celtic society, at any rate in the
fifth and
sixth centuries.
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Caer Ibormeith
For the
Welsh reflex of Roman castrum, see
caer. In
Irish mythology, Caer Ibormeith was a daughter of Prince
Ethal Anbuail of Sid Uamuin in
Connacht. Every alternate
Samhain she would change into a
swan, in which form she would remain for a year before becoming human again the following Samhain. She eventually married
Aengus, but first he had to pick her out, in swan form, from a group of one hundred and fifty other swans at Loch Bel Dragon (Now Lough Muskry in the
Galtees.) Having chosen correctly, he turned into a swan himself and they flew away, singing beautiful music that put all its listeners asleep for three days and nights. With Aengus, Caer was the foster-mother of
Diarmuid.
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Caer Ibormaith
Dans la
mythologie celtique irlandaise, Caer Ibormaith est une la fille d’Ethal, un
Tuatha Dé Danann. Le dieu
Oengus en tombe amoureux après l’avoir aperçue dans un rêve, il tombe malade tellement il la trouve belle. Une fois guéri, il cherche donc à savoir qui est cette jeune fille. Ethal, le père, refuse de lui donner la main de sa fille. Oengus réussit à le forcer à lui dire où elle se cache. En fait Caer avait décidé de vivre une partie de sa vie en tant que
cygne. Le jour de
Samain, prenant lui aussi l’apparence d’un cygne, il se rend au lac de la gueule du dragon. Il la reconnait et prend sa main.
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Caer
Caer - piękna dziewczyna, w której zakochał się iryjski bóg miłości
Aengus. Jej ojciec Ethal, był jednym z bogów
Tuatha Dé Danann. Aengus najpierw ujrzał Caer we śnie i tak oczarowała go jej piękność, że ciężko zachorował. Kiedy dowiedział się, kim jest owa dziewczyna, natychmiast poprosił Ethala o jej rękę. Ten odpowiedział jednak, że nie jest w jego mocy decydowanie o tym, gdyż córka przybrała postać łabędzia. Uzgodnili wszakże, iż Aengus będzie mógł sam poprosić Caer, by wyszła za niego, jeśli tylko zdoła ją rozpoznać w wielkim stadzie łabędzi. Kiedy łabędzie nadleciały na Jezioro Smoczych Ust, Aengus podszedł do brzegu i rozpoznając Caer, zawołał jej imię. Później Aengus i Caer pobrali się.
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CAER
Consiliul de Ajutor Economic Reciproc (CAER) a fost creat la iniţiativa URSS în 1949 ca organizaţie economică a
statelor comuniste europene pentru a constitui un echivalent al
Comunităţii Economice Europene. CAER-ul a fost răspunsul la Planul Marshall. El avea misiunea de a stimula comerţul dintre ţările din blocul estic. În realitate, URSS nu a putut oferi ţărilor comuniste un ajutor comparabil cu cel acordat de SUA ţărilor occidentale. Membre ale CAER erau:
URSS,
RDG,
Bulgaria,
Polonia,
Cehoslovacia,
Ungaria şi
România. Alte ţări comuniste neeuropene (
Mongolia,
Cuba,
Vietnam) au luat şi ele parte în ultimii ani la unele sesiuni ale Consiliului. La activitatea CAER nu au luat parte
Republica Populară Chineză,
Coreea de Nord şi
Albania. Secretariatul şi multe din Comisiile CAER aveau sediul la Moscova. CAER nu a reuşit să îndeplinească rolul pentru care fusese creat, în principal datorită sistemului planificat centralizat al economiei statelor membre, schimburile de mărfuri continuând să se desfăşoare prin tratative bilaterale cu păstrarea echilibrului balanţei de plăţi. Îndeosebi începând din anul 1962, delegaţiile române în CAER au avut o poziţie critică în CAER la adresa propunerilor sovietice de integrare a economiilor acestor ţări. Drept urmare a schimbărilor politice din anul 1989 şi 1990, CAER s-a autodesfiinţat în 1991.
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