A Bildungsroman (/,
German: "novel of self-cultivation") is a
novelistic form which concentrates on the spiritual, moral, psychological, or social development and growth of the
protagonist usually from
childhood to
maturity. These themes are now often portrayed in films as well as novels. Bildungsromane usually contain the following course:The protagonist grows from boy or girl to man or woman.The protagonist must have some reason to go on this journey. A loss or discontent must jar him or her at an early stage away from the home or family setting. The process of
maturing is long, arduous, and gradual, consisting of repeated clashes between the
needs or
desires of the hero and the views and judgments enforced by an unbending
social order. This bears some similarity to
Sigmund Freud's concept of the
pleasure principle versus the
reality principle.Eventually, the spirit and values of the social order become manifest in the protagonist, who is then accommodated into society. The novel ends with an assessment by the protagonist of himself/herself and his/her new place in that society.The character is generally making a smooth movement away from
conformity. Major conflict is self vs. society or
individuality vs. conformity.There are themes of exile or escape
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