A bending moment exists in a structural element when a
moment or
torque is applied to the element so that the element bends. Moments and torques are measured as a force multiplied by a distance so they have units such as newton.metres (N.m) and foot.pounds (ft.lb). The concept of bending moment is very important in
engineering and
physics. When a bending moment exists in a structural element it induces
tensile stresses and
compressive stresses in the element. Tensile stresses and compressive stresses increase proportionally with bending moment. Failure in bending will occur when the bending moment is sufficient to induce stresses greater than the
yield stress of the material. It is possible that failure of a structural element in
shear may occur before failure in bending, however the mechanics of failure in shear and in bending are different.
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