The Battle of Chaeronea (
338 BC), fought near
Chaeronea, in
Boeotia, was the greatest victory of
Philip II of Macedon. There, Philip (with 22,000 men) defeated the combined forces of
Athens and
Thebes, securing Macedonian hegemony in Greece. The battle itself pitted the epic
phalanx of the Athenian and Theban confederates against the
Macedonian phalanx of Philip. The confederate battle line formed with the Athenians holding the left wing and the Thebans holding the right wing (with the all-important extreme right flank protected by the
Sacred Band). Athenians and Thebans occupied the center of the line. In the Macedonian line, Philip commanded the right wing, while Alexander commanded the left wing, together with the best commanders of the king. The famed
Companions was situated to the rear of the Macedonian line.
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