In
pharmacology, bioavailability is used to describe the fraction of an administered
dose of unchanged drug that reaches the
systemic circulation, one of the principal
pharmacokinetic properties of
drugs. By definition, when a medication is administered
intravenously, its bioavailability is 100%. However, when a medication is administered via other
routes (such as orally), its bioavailability decreases (due to incomplete absorption and
first-pass metabolism). Bioavailability is one of the essential tools in pharmacokinetics, as bioavailability must be considered when calculating dosages for non-intravenous routes of administration.
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