Basic Automatic Block Signals
Automatic Block Signal, or ABS, systems consist of a series of signals that govern blocks of track between the signals. The signals are automatically activated by the conditions of the block beyond the signal. If a train is currently occupying a block, that block's signal will not allow a train in the previous block to proceed into the block, or will only allow it to proceed at a speed which allows the train to stop before colliding with the train or another object (also known as restricted speed).
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