Events1192 -
Minamoto Yoritomo becomes
Seii Tai Shōgun and the
de facto ruler of
Japan. (Traditional
Japanese date:
July 12, 1192)1680 -
Pueblo Indians capture
Santa Fe from
Spanish during the
Pueblo Revolt.
1760 - The church (later
cathedral) of "Our Lady of
Candlemas of
Mayagüez (Puerto Rico)" is founded, establishing the basis for the founding of the city.
1770 -
James Cook formally claims eastern
Australia for
Great Britain, naming it
New South Wales.
1772 - King
Gustav III completes his
coup d'etat by adopting a new
Constitution, ending
half a century of parliamentary rule in
Sweden and installing him as an
enlightened despot.
1810 -
Jean-Baptiste Bernadotte,
Marshal of France, is elected
Crown Prince of
Sweden by the Swedish
Riksdag of the Estates.
1821 -
Jarvis Island is discovered by the crew of the Eliza Frances.
1831 -
Nat Turner leads black slaves and free blacks in a rebellion.
1841 - The
Venetian blind is first patented in the
United States by
John Hampson.
1842 - The city of
Hobart,
Tasmania, is founded.
1852 -
Tlingit Indians destroy
Fort Selkirk,
Yukon Territory.
1856 -
America's first
consul to
Japan,
Townsend Harris, arrives in
Shimoda. (Traditional
Japanese date:
July 21,
1856)
1858 - The
Lincoln-Douglas debates begin.
1862 - The
Vienna Stadtpark opens its gates.
1863 -
Lawrence, Kansas is destroyed by
Confederate guerillas
Quantrill's Raiders in the
Lawrence Massacre.
1878 - The
American Bar Association is founded.
1879 - The
Virgin Mary, along with
St. Joseph and
St. John the Evangelist reportedly appear to the people of
Knock, County Mayo,
Ireland.
1888 - The first successful
adding machine in the
United States is patented by
William Seward Burroughs.
1911 - The
Mona Lisa is
stolen by a
Louvre employee.
1942 -
World War II: The
Battle of Stalingrad began. 1942 - World War II: A
Nazi flag is installed atop the
Mount Elbrus.1942 - World War II:
Allied forces involved in the
Guadalcanal campaign defeated an attack by
Imperial Japanese Army soldiers in the
Battle of the Tenaru.
1944 -
Dumbarton Oaks Conference, prelude to the
United Nations, begins.
1959 -
President Dwight D. Eisenhower signs an executive order proclaiming
Hawaii the 50th state of the union.
1963 -
Xa Loi Pagoda raids: The
Army of the Republic of Vietnam Special Forces loyal to
Ngo Dinh Nhu, brother of President
Ngo Dinh Diem, vandalises
Buddhist pagodas across the country, arresting thousands and leaving an estimated hundreds dead.
1968 -
Soviet Union-dominated
Warsaw Pact troops invade
Czechoslovakia, crushing the
Prague Spring; on the same day,
Nicolae Ceauşescu, leader of
Communist Romania, publicly condemns the
Soviet maneuver, encouraging the
Romanian population to arm itself against possible
Soviet reprisals. 1968 -
James Anderson, Jr. posthumously receives the first
Medal of Honor to be awarded to an
African American U.S. Marine.
1969 - An
Australian,
Michael Dennis Rohan, sets the
Al-Aqsa Mosque on fire
1971 - A bomb exploded in the
Liberal Party campaign rally in
Plaza Miranda,
Manila,
Philippines with several anti-
Marcos political candidates injured.
1976 -
Operation Paul Bunyan at
Panmunjeom,
Korea.
1983 -
Philippine opposition leader
Benigno Aquino, Jr. was assassinated at the Manila International Airport (now renamed
Ninoy Aquino International Airport).
1986 - Carbon dioxide gas erupts from
volcanic Lake Nyos in
Cameroon, killing up to 1,800 people within a 20-kilometer range.
1991 -
Latvia declares renewal of its full independence after the occupation of
Soviet Union.1991 -
Coup attempt against
Mikhail Gorbachev collapses.
1993 -
NASA loses contact with the
Mars Observer spacecraft.
1997 -
British rock band
Oasis release their 3rd album
Be Here Now - the fastest selling album of all time in the
UK.
2001 -
NATO decides to send a peace-keeping force to the former
Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia.2001 - The
Red Cross announces that a
famine is striking
Tajikistan, and calls for international financial aid for Tajikistan and
Uzbekistan.
2007 -
Hurricane Dean makes its first landfall in
Costa Maya, Mexico with winds at 165 mph. Dean is the first storm since Hurricane Andrew to make landfall as a Category 5.
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