Events
338 BC - A
Macedonian army led by
Philip II defeated the combined forces of
Athens and
Thebes in the
Battle of Chaeronea, securing
Macedonian hegemony in
Greece and the
Aegean.
216 BC -
Second Punic War:
Battle of Cannae - The
Carthaginian army lead by
Hannibal defeats a numerically superior
Roman army under command of
consuls Lucius Aemilius Paullus and
Gaius Terentius Varro.
1610 -
Henry Hudson sails into what it is now known as
Hudson Bay, thinking he had made it through the
Northwest Passage and reached the
Pacific Ocean.
1776 - Delegates to the
Continental Congress begin signing the
United States Declaration of Independence.
1790 - The first
US Census is conducted.
1798 -
French Revolutionary Wars:
Battle of the Nile (Battle of Aboukir Bay) concludes in an British victory
1869 -
Japan's samurai,
farmer,
artisan,
merchant class system (
Shinōkōshō) is abolished as part of the
Meiji Restoration reforms. (Traditional
Japanese date:
June 25,
1869).
1870 -
Tower Subway, the world's first
underground tube railway, opens in
London.
1903 -
Fall of the Ottoman Empire: Unsuccessful uprising of the
Bulgarians in the
region of Macedonia from the
Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization against
Ottoman Turkey, also known as the
Ilinden-Preobrazhenie Uprising.
1916 -
World War I:
Austrian sabotage causes the sinking of the
Italian battleship
Leonardo da Vinci in
Taranto.
1918 -
Japan announces that it is deploying troops to
Siberia in the aftermath of
World War I.
1931 -
Einstein urges all scientists to refuse
military work.
1932 - The
positron (
antiparticle of the
electron) was discovered by
Carl D. Anderson.
1934 -
Gleichschaltung:
Adolf Hitler becomes
Führer of
Germany.
1937 - The
Marihuana Tax Act of 1937 is passed in America, essentially rendering
marijuana and all its by-products illegal.
1939 -
Albert Einstein and
Leó Szilárd write a letter to
Franklin D. Roosevelt urging him to begin the
Manhattan project to develop a nuclear weapon.
1943 - Rebellion in the Nazi death camp of Treblinka.1943 -
World War II:
PT-109 rammed by the
Japanese destroyer
Amagiri and sinks. Lt.
John F. Kennedy, future US President, saves all but two of his crew.
1945 - World War II:
Potsdam Conference, in which the
Allied Powers discuss the future of defeated
Germany, concludes.
1964 -
Vietnam War:
Gulf of Tonkin Incident -
North Vietnamese gunboats allegedly fires on
U.S. destroyers,
USS Maddox and the
USS Turner Joy.
1967 - The second
Blackwall Tunnel opens in
Greenwich, London.
1980 - A
bomb explodes at the
railway station in
Bologna,
Italy, killing 85 people and wounding more than 200.
1985 -
Delta Air Lines Flight 191, a
Lockheed L-1011 TriStar crashes at
Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport killing 137.
1990 -
Iraq invades
Kuwait, eventually leading to conflict with coalition forces in the
Gulf War.
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2. August
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