Events
43 BC -
Octavian, later known as Augustus, compels the
senate to elect him
Consul.1504 -
Battle of Knockdoe.1561 - An 18-year-old
Mary Queen of Scots returns to
Scotland, after spending 13 years in
France.
1692 -
Salem Witch Trials: In
Salem, Massachusetts,
Province of Massachusetts Bay five women and a
clergyman are executed after being convicted of
witchcraft.
1745 -
Jacobite Rising,
Prince Charles Edward Stuart lands from a
French warship in
Glenfinnan, raises his standard and marches on
London - the start of the
Second Jacobite Rebellion known as "the 45".
1768 -
Saint Isaac's Cathedral is founded in
Saint Petersburg,
Russia.
1782 -
American Revolutionary War:
Battle of Blue Licks - The last major engagement of the war, almost ten months after the surrender of the
British commander Lord Cornwallis following the
Siege of Yorktown.
1812 -
War of 1812:
American frigate USS Constitution defeats the
British frigate HMS Guerrière off the coast of
Nova Scotia,
Canada earning her nickname "
Old Ironsides".
1813 -
Gervasio Antonio de Posadas joins
Argentina's second triumvirate.
1839 - Presentation of
Jacque Daguerre's new
photographic process to the
French Academy of Sciences.
1848 -
California Gold Rush: The
New York Herald breaks the news to the
East Coast of the United States of the
gold rush in
California (although the rush started in
January).
1862 -
Indian Wars: During an uprising in
Minnesota,
Lakota warriors decide not to attack heavily-defended
Fort Ridgely and instead turn to the settlement of
New Ulm, killing white settlers along the way.
1895 -
American frontier murderer and outlaw,
John Wesley Hardin, is killed by an off-duty policeman in a
saloon in
El Paso, Texas.
1915 -
World War I: The
Battle of Van begins
1919 -
Afghanistan gains full independence from the
United Kingdom.
1927 -
Metropolitan Sergius proclaimed the declaration of loyalty of the
Russian Orthodox Church to the
Soviet state.
1934 - The first All-
American Soap Box Derby is held in
Dayton, Ohio.1934 - The creation of the position
Führer approved by the
German electorate with 89.9% of the popular vote.
1942 -
World War II:
Operation Jubilee - The
2nd Canadian Infantry Division leads an
allied forces amphibious assault on
Dieppe, France.
1944 -
World War II:
Liberation of Paris -
Paris rises against
German occupation with the help of
Allied troops.
1945 -
Vietnam War:
Viet Minh led by
Ho Chi Minh take power in
Hanoi,
Vietnam.
1953 -
Cold War: The
CIA helps to overthrow the government of
Mohammed Mossadegh in
Iran and reinstate the
Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi.
1955 - In the Northeast
United States, severe
flooding caused by
Hurricane Diane, claims 200 lives.
1960 -
Cold War: In
Moscow, downed
American U-2 pilot Francis Gary Powers is sentenced to ten years imprisonment by the
Soviet Union for
espionage. 1960 -
Sputnik program:
Sputnik 5 - The
Soviet Union launches the satellite with the
dogs Belka and Strelka, 40
mice, 2
rats and a variety of
plants.
1965 -
Japanese prime minister Eisaku Sato becomes the first post-
World War II sitting
prime minister to visit
Okinawa.
1975 - The cricket test match between
England and
Australia is called off after the pitch is vandalised by supporters of
George Davis.
1980 -
Saudia Flight 163, a
Lockheed L-1011 TriStar burns after making an emergency landing at
King Khalid International Airport in
Riyadh,
Saudi Arabia, killing 301 people.
1981 -
Gulf of Sidra Incident:
United States fighters intercept and shoot down two
Libyan Sukhoi Su-22 fighter jets over the
Gulf of Sidra.
1987 -
Hungerford Massacre: In the
United Kingdom,
Michael Ryan kills sixteen people with an
assault rifle and then commits
suicide.
1989 -
Polish president Wojciech Jaruzelski nominates
Solidarity activist
Tadeusz Mazowiecki to be the first non-
communist Prime Minister in 42 years.
1989 - Raid on offshore pirate station,
Radio Caroline in North Sea by British and Dutch governments.
1990 -
Leonard Bernstein conducts his final concert, ending with
Ludwig van Beethoven's
Symphony No. 7.
1991 -
Collapse of the Soviet Union,
August Coup:
Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev placed under
house arrest while on holiday in the town of
Foros,
Crimea.
1997 - The
Teamsters end their 15-day walkout against
United Parcel Service.
1999 - In
Belgrade, tens of thousands of
Serbians rally to demand the resignation of
Federal Republic of Yugoslavia President Slobodan Milošević.
2002 - A
Russian Mi-26 helicopter carrying troops is hit by a
Chechen missile outside of
Grozny, killing 118 soldiers.
2003 - A car-bomb attack on
United Nations headquarters in
Iraq kills the agency's top envoy
Sergio Vieira de Mello and 21 other employees.2003 - A
Hamas planned suicide attack on a bus in
Jerusalem kills 23 Israelis, 7 of them children in the
Jerusalem bus 2 massacre.
2005 - The first-ever joint military exercise between
Russia and
China, called
Peace Mission 2005 begins.
2005 - A series of strong storms lash
Southern Ontario spawning several
tornadoes as well as ceating extreme
flash flooding within the city of
Toronto and its
surrounding communities.
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