Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder

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Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder
Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Hyperkinetic Disorder (as officially known in the UK, though ADHD is more commonly used) is generally considered to be a developmental disorder, largely neurological in nature, affecting about 5% of the world's population. The disorder typically presents itself during childhood, and is characterized by a persistent pattern of inattention and/or hyperactivity, as well as  forgetfulnesspoor impulse control or impulsivity, and distractibility. ADHD is currently considered to be a persistent and chronic condition for which no medical cure is available. ADHD is most commonly diagnosed in children and, over the past decade, has been increasingly diagnosed in adults. About 60% of children diagnosed with ADHD retain the disorder as adults. Studies show that there is a familial transmission of the disorder which does not occur through adoptive relationships. Twin studies indicate that the disorder is highly heritable and that genetics contribute about three quarters of the total ADHD population. While the majority of ADHD is believed to be genetic in nature, roughly 1/5 of all ADHD cases are thought to be acquired after conception due to brain injury caused by either toxins or physical trauma prenatally or postnatally. According to a majority of medical research in the United States, as well as other countries, ADHD is today generally regarded as a chronic disorder for which there are some effective treatments. Over 200 controlled studies have shown that stimulant medication is an effective way to treat ADHD. Methods of treatment usually involve some combination of medications, behaviour modifications, life style changes, and counseling. Certain social critics are highly skeptical that the diagnosis denotes a genuine impairment and question virtually all that is known about ADHD. The symptoms of ADHD are not as profoundly different from normal behavior as are those of other chronic mental disorders. Still, ADHD has been shown to often impair functioning, and many adverse life outcomes are associated with ADHD.
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Trouble déficitaire de l'attention
Le TDAH ou trouble déficit de l'attention/hyperactivité (en anglais Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, ADHD ou Attention-deficit disorder, ADD) est décrit comme un trouble comportemental qui pourrait être d'origine neurobiologique et parfois environnementale. Ce « syndrome » est caractérisé par des états d'hyperactivité, des moments d'absence, des changements d'humeur, des problèmes de concentration et d'impulsivité. Sa détection et les soins à apporter font l'objet de nombreuses controverses.
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Aufmerksamkeitsdefizit-/Hyperaktivitätsstörung
Die Aufmerksamkeitsdefizit-/Hyperaktivitätsstörung (ADHS) (auch als Aufmerksamkeitsdefizit-/Hyperaktivitätssyndrom oder Hyperkinetische Störung (HKS) bezeichnet) ist eine, bereits im Kindesalter beginnende psychische Störung, die sich primär durch leichte Ablenkbarkeit und geringes Durchhaltevermögen, sowie ein leicht aufbrausendes Wesen mit der Neigung zum Handeln ohne nachzudenken, häufig auch in Kombination mit Hyperaktivität (ADHS), auszeichnet. Etwa 3-10 ller Kinder zeigen Symptome im Sinne einer ADHS. Jungen werden deutlich häufiger diagnostiziert als Mädchen . Die Symptome können mit unterschiedlicher Ausprägung bis in das Erwachsenenalter hinein fortbestehen.
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ADHD
ADHD – skrót z ang. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, czyli Zespół nadpobudliwości psychoruchowej, określany w literaturze jako zespół nadpobudliwości psychoruchowej z deficytem uwagi lub zaburzenia hiperkinetyczne.W przypadku zaburzeń uwagi i braku nadpobudliwości ruchowej mówimy o ADD (Attention Deficit Disorder).Jest to grupa zaburzeń charakteryzujących się wczesnym początkiem (zazwyczaj w pierwszych pięciu latach życia), brakiem wytrwałości w realizacji zadań wymagających zaangażowania poznawczego, tendencją do przechodzenia od jednej aktywności do drugiej bez ukończenia żadnej z nich oraz zdezorganizowaną, słabo kontrolowaną nadmierną aktywnością.
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ADHD
ADHD betekent Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, oftewel aandachtstekort/hyperactiviteitstoornis. Bij een aandachtstekortstoornis zonder het element van hyperactiviteit, spreekt men ook wel van ADD.
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