Genome projects are
scientific endeavours that ultimately aim to determine the complete
genome sequence of an
organism (be it an
animal, a
plant, a
fungus, a
bacterium, an
archaean, a
protist or a
virus). The genome sequence for any organism requires the
DNA sequences for each of the
chromosomes in an organism to be determined. For
bacteria, which usually have just one chromosome, a genome project will aim to map the sequence of that chromosome. Humans, with 22 pairs of chromosomes and 2 sex chromosomes, will require 24 separate chromosome sequences in order to represent the completed genome.
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