Alluvium (from the
Latin, alluvius, from alluere, "to wash against") is
soil or
sediments deposited by a river or other running water. Alluvium is typically made up of a variety of materials, including fine particles of
silt and
clay and larger particles of
sand and
gravel.Flowing water associated with glaciers may also deposit alluvium, but deposits directly from ice are not alluvium (see
glacial till).A river is continually picking up and dropping solid particles of rock and soil from its bed throughout its length. Where the river flow is fast, more particles are picked up than dropped. Where the river flow is slow, more particles are dropped than picked up. Areas where more particles are dropped are called alluvial or
flood plains, and the dropped particles are called alluvium.
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