For other meanings, see
Aleppo (disambiguation). Halab redirects here; for other meanings, see
Halab (disambiguation). Aleppo ( ['ḥalab], ) is a city in northern
Syria, capital of the
Aleppo Governorate. The city has a population of around 1.9 million, making it the second largest city in Syria after
Damascus. Aleppo is one of the oldest inhabited cities in history. It knew human settlement since the eleventh millennium B.C. through the residential houses which were discovered in Al-Qaramel Hill. It was known to antiquity as Khalpe, Khalibon, to the
Greeks as Beroea (Veroea), and to the
Turks as Halep; during the French Mandate, Alep was used. It occupies a strategic trading point midway between the sea and the
Euphrates; initially, it was built on a small group of hills in a wide fertile valley on both sides of the river Quweiq (قويق). The province or governorate extends around the city for over 16,000 km² and has around 3.7 million inhabitants.
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