• Agathon, an Athenian tragic poet of the 5th century BC
• Plato's Form of The Good
• Agathon, son of the Macedonian Philotas, and the brother of Parmenion and Asander, was given as a hostage to Antigonus in 313 BC, by his brother Asander, satrap of Caria, but was taken back again by Asander in a few days. Agathon had a son, named Asander, who is mentioned in a Greek inscription.
• Agathon of Samos, who wrote a work on Scythia and another on rivers.
• Agathon, at first Reader, then Librarian, at Constantinople. In 680 AD, during his Readership, he was Notary or Reporter at the 6th General Council, which condemned the Monothelite heresy. He sent copies of the acts, written by himself, to the five Patriarchates. In 712 AD he wrote a short treatise, still extant in Greek, on the attempts of Philippicus Bardanes to revive Monothelitism.
• Agathon, son of Priam and prince of Troy, is mentioned in the Iliad as being one of the last surviving princes.

Agaton imieniny obchodzi 7 grudnia i 10 stycznia.

• El Papa Agatón, sumo pontifice de la Iglesia católica de 678 a 681;
• Agatón de Atenas, dramaturgo griego del siglo V adC;
• Agatón, uno de los hijos del rey troyano Príamo en la mitología griega.