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AfghanistanGeography
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Geography of Afghanistan
Afghanistan is a landlocked nation located in the heart of Asia between  West Asia (Middle East) and Central Asia. Strategically located at the crossroads of major trade routes, it has attracted a succession of invaders since the sixth century BCE. Recently, NATO and allied states invaded the land to remove the Taliban regime and rebuild the country based on democratic government.

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CIA World Factbook 2005 DictionaryDownload this dictionary
Afghanistan: Geography
Location:
 Southern Asia, north and west of Pakistan, east of Iran
Geographic coordinates:
 33 00 N, 65 00 E
Map references:
 Asia
Area:
 total: 647,500 sq km
land: 647,500 sq km
water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative:
 slightly smaller than Texas
Land boundaries:
 total: 5,529 km
border countries: China 76 km, Iran 936 km, Pakistan 2,430 km, Tajikistan 1,206 km, Turkmenistan 744 km, Uzbekistan 137 km
Coastline:
 0 km (landlocked)
Maritime claims:
 none (landlocked)
Climate:
 arid to semiarid; cold winters and hot summers
Terrain:
 mostly rugged mountains; plains in north and southwest
Elevation extremes:
 lowest point: Amu Darya 258 m
highest point: Nowshak 7,485 m
Natural resources:
 natural gas, petroleum, coal, copper, chromite, talc, barites, sulfur, lead, zinc, iron ore, salt, precious and semiprecious stones
Land use:
 arable land: 12.13%
permanent crops: 0.22%
other: 87.65% (2001)
Irrigated land:
 23,860 sq km (1998 est.)
Natural hazards:
 damaging earthquakes occur in Hindu Kush mountains; flooding; droughts
Environment - current issues:
 limited natural fresh water resources; inadequate supplies of potable water; soil degradation; overgrazing; deforestation (much of the remaining forests are being cut down for fuel and building materials); desertification; air and water pollution
Environment - international agreements:
 party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Marine Dumping
signed, but not ratified: Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Life Conservation
Geography - note:
 landlocked; the Hindu Kush mountains that run northeast to southwest divide the northern provinces from the rest of the country; the highest peaks are in the northern Vakhan (Wakhan Corridor)

More about Afghanistan:

  • Introduction
  • People
  • Government
  • Economy
  • Communications
  • Transportation
  • Military
  • Transnational Issues


    • The World Factbook 2005, by the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)
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