Adjustment

n. adjusting, adaptation; state of being adjusted; settlement of an insurance claim

Adjustment (from late Latin ad-juxtare, derived from juxta, near, but early confounded with a supposed derivation from Justus, right), regulating, adapting or settling; in commercial law, the settlement of a loss incurred at sea on insured goods. The calculation of the amounts to be made good to and paid by the several interests is a complicated matter. It involves much detail and arithmetic, and requires a full and accurate knowledge of the principles of the subject. Such adjustments are made by adjusters, who make the subject their profession. In Great Britain they are for the most part members of the Average Adjusters' Association (1870), a body which has done much careful work with a view to making and keeping the practice uniform and in accord with right principles. This association has gradually formulated, at their annual meetings, a body of practical rules which the individual members undertake to observe. For more information see: General average, and Marine Insurance.
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Adjustment /ad·just·ment/ 1. the act or process of modification of physical parts made in response to changing conditions. 2. [more]Adjustment - Community and Resources

Noun
1. making or becoming suitable; adjusting to circumstances
(synonym) accommodation, fitting
(hypernym) improvement, betterment, advance
(hyponym) shakedown
(derivation) adjust, conform, adapt
2. the act of making something different (as e.g. the size of a garment)
(synonym) alteration, modification
(hypernym) change
(hyponym) loosening, laxation
(derivation) adjust
3. the act of adjusting something to match a standard
(synonym) registration, readjustment
(hypernym) calibration, standardization, standardisation
(hyponym) alignment
(derivation) adjust, set, correct
4. the process of adapting to something (such as environmental conditions)
(synonym) adaptation
(hypernym) organic process, biological process
(hyponym) acclimatization, acclimatisation, acclimation
(derivation) adjust, conform, adapt
5. an amount added or deducted on the basis of qualifying circumstances; "an allowance for profit"
(synonym) allowance
(hypernym) recompense
(hyponym) cost-of-living allowance
(derivation) adjust

(n.)
The operation of bringing all the parts of an instrument, as a microscope or telescope, into their proper relative position for use; the condition of being thus adjusted; as, to get a good adjustment; to be in or out of adjustment.
  

(n.)
The act of adjusting, or condition of being adjusted; act of bringing into proper relations; regulation.
  

(n.)
Settlement of claims; an equitable arrangement of conflicting claims, as in set-off, contribution, exoneration, subrogation, and marshaling.