Events1431 -
Joan of Arc is handed over to the
Bishop Pierre Cauchon.1496 -
Leonardo da Vinci unsuccessfully tests a flying machine.
1521 -
Pope Leo X excommunicates
Martin Luther in the
papal bull Decet Romanum Pontificem.
1749 -
Benning Wentworth issues the first of the
New Hampshire Grants, leading to the establishment of
Vermont.
1777 - American general
George Washington defeats British general
Charles Cornwallis at the
Battle of Princeton.
1815 -
Austria,
Britain, and
France form a secret defensive alliance treaty against
Prussia and
Russia.
1823 -
Stephen F. Austin receives a grant of land in
Texas from the government of
Mexico.
1825 - Rensselaer School, the first engineering college in the U.S. is opened in
Troy,
New York. It is now known as
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute.
1833 -
Britain seizes control of the
Falkland Islands in the
South Atlantic.
1834 - The government of
Mexico imprisons
Stephen F. Austin in
Mexico City.
1848 -
Joseph Jenkins Roberts is sworn in as the first
president of the independent
African Republic of Liberia.
1861 -
American Civil War:
Delaware votes not to secede from the
United States.
1868 -
Meiji Restoration in
Japan: The
Tokugawa shogunate is abolished; agents of Satsuma and Chōshū seize power.
1870 - The construction of the
Brooklyn Bridge begins.
1871 - Henry W. Bradley patents
oleomargarine.
1888 - The 91 cm
refracting telescope at
Lick Observatory is used for the first time. It was the largest
telescope in the world at the time.1888 - Marvin C. Stone patents the
drinking straw.
1899 - The first known use of the word
automobile, in an editorial in
The New York Times.
1921 - Turkey makes peace with
Armenia.
1924 -
English explorer
Howard Carter discovers the sarcophagus of
Tutankhamen in the
Valley of the Kings, near
Luxor,
Egypt.
1925 -
Benito Mussolini announces he is taking dictatorial powers over
Italy.
1932 -
Martial law declared in
Honduras to stop revolt by banana workers fired by
United Fruit.
1933 -
Minnie D. Craig becomes the first woman to be elected
Speaker of a legislative body in the USA.
1938 - The
March of Dimes is established by
Franklin D. Roosevelt.1938 -
Woman in White is first broadcast on the
NBC Red network. The program remains on the radio for the next ten years.
1944 -
World War II: Top Ace Major
Greg "pappy" Boyington is shot down in his
Corsair by Captain
Masajiro Kawato flying a
Zero.
1945 - Admiral
Chester W Nimitz is placed in command of all
U.S. Naval forces in preparation for planned assaults against
Iwo Jima,
Okinawa and
Japan itself.
1947 - Proceedings of the
U.S. Congress are televised for the first time.
1951 -
Dragnet is first broadcast on
NBC-TV.
1953 -
Frances Bolton and her son,
Oliver from
Ohio, become the first mother and son to serve simultaneously in the U.S. Congress.
1957 -
Hamilton Watch Company introduces the first electric
watch.
1958 - The
West Indies Federation is formed.
1959 -
Alaska is admitted as the 49th
U.S. state.
1961 - The
United States severs diplomatic relations with
Cuba. 1961 - The
SL-1, a government-run reactor near
Idaho Falls, Idaho, leaks radiation, killing three workers.
1962 -
Pope John XXIII excommunicates
Fidel Castro.
1973 -
George Steinbrenner buys the
New York Yankees from
CBS for 3.2 million dollars
1977 -
Apple Computer was incorporated.1983 -
CiTV launches on
ITV in the
UK.
1987 -
Aretha Franklin becomes the first woman inducted into the
Rock and Roll Hall of Fame.
1988 -
Margaret Thatcher becomes the longest-serving British Prime Minister in the 20th Century.
1990 - Former leader of
Panama Manuel Noriega surrenders to American forces. 1991 -
Gulf War: The British government announces the expulsion of 75 Iraqis from the country.
1993 - In
Moscow,
George H. W. Bush and
Boris Yeltsin sign the second
Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty (START).
1994 - An
Aeroflot Tupolev TU-154 crashes and explodes after takeoff from
Irkutsk,
Russia, killing 125 people including one on the ground.
1997 - The
People's Republic of China announces it will spend $27.7 billion to fight erosion and pollution in the
Yangtze and
Yellow river valleys.
1999 - The
Mars Polar Lander launches.1999 - Israel detains, later to expel, 14 members of
Concerned Christians.
2004 -
Flight 604, a
Boeing 737 owned by
Flash Airlines, an
Egyptian airliner, plunges into the
Red Sea, killing all 148 people aboard.
2007 -
National Express has its
worst ever coach crash just outside
Heathrow Airport when it was travelling to
Glasgow
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