Events284 -
Diocletian was chosen as
Roman Emperor.762 - Bögü, Khan of the
Uyghurs, conquers
Lo-Yang, capital of the
Chinese Empire. 1194 -
Palermo is conquered by
Emperor Henry VI.1407 - A solemn truce between
John the Fearless,
Duke of Burgundy and
Louis of Valois, Duke of Orléans is agreed under the auspices of
John, Duke of Berry. Orléans would be assassinated three days later by Burgundy.1490 -
Joanot Martorell's book
Tirant lo Blanc is published for the first time.
1695 -
Zumbi, the last of the leaders of
Quilombo dos Palmares in early
Brazil, was executed.
1700 -
Great Northern War:
Battle of Narva - King
Charles XII of Sweden defeats the army of
Tsar Peter the Great at
Narva.
1789 -
New Jersey becomes the first
U.S. state to ratify the
Bill of Rights.
1820 - An 80-ton
sperm whale attacks the
Essex (a
whaling ship from
Nantucket, Massachusetts) 2,000 miles from the western coast of
South America (
Herman Melville's 1851 novel
Moby-Dick was in part inspired by this story).
1861 - Secession ordinance filed by Kentucky's Confederate government.
1902 -
Henri Desgrange and fellow journalist
Géo Lefèvre dream up the idea of the
Tour de France over lunch at the Café de Madrid in
Paris.
1910 -
Mexican Revolution:
Francisco I. Madero issues the Plan de San Luis Potosi, denouncing President
Porfirio Díaz, declaring himself president, and calling for a revolution to overthrow the
government of Mexico, effectively starting the Mexican Revolution.
1917 -
World War I:
Battle of Cambrai begins -
British forces make early progress in an attack on
German positions but are later pushed back. 1917 -
Ukraine is declared a republic.
1923 -
Rentenmark replaces the
Papiermark as the official currency of Germany at the exchange rate of one Rentenmark to One
Trillion Papiermark
1936 -
Jose Antonio Primo de Rivera, founder of the
Falange is killed by a republican execution squad.
1940 -
World War II:
Hungary,
Romania and
Slovakia join the
Axis Powers.
1943 -
World War II:
Battle of Tarawa (
Operation Galvanic) begins -
United States Marines land on
Tarawa Atoll in the
Gilbert Islands and suffer heavy fire from
Japanese shore guns and machine guns.
1945 -
Nuremberg Trials: Trials against 24
Nazi war criminals start at the
Nuremberg Palace of Justice.
1947 -
The Princess Elizabeth marries
Lieutenant Philip Mountbatten at
Westminster Abbey in
London.
1952 -
Slánský trials - a series of Stalinist and anti-Semitic show trials in Czechoslovakia.
1955 -
Bo Diddley becomes the first
African American performer to appear on
The Ed Sullivan Show. Apparently
Sullivan was infuriated when Diddley sang his self-titled song instead of
Tennessee Ernie Ford's hit, "
Sixteen Tons".
1962 -
Cuban Missile Crisis ends: In response to the
Soviet Union's agreeing to remove its missiles from
Cuba, U.S. President
John F. Kennedy ends the quarantine of the
Caribbean nation.
1968 -
Vietnam War: Eleven men comprising a Long Range Patrol team from F Company, 58th Infantry,
101st Airborne are surrounded and nearly wiped out by
North Vietnamese army regulars from the 4th and 5th Regiment. The seven wounded survivors are rescued after several hours by an impromptu force made of other men from their unit.
1969 -
Vietnam War: The
Cleveland Plain Dealer publishes explicit photographs of dead villagers from the
My Lai massacre in
Vietnam.
1974 - The
United States Department of Justice files its final anti-trust suit against
AT&T. This suit later leads to the break up of AT&T and its
Bell System.
1975 -
Francisco Franco,
Caudillo of
Spain dies after 36 years in power. He died, symbolically, on the 39th anniversary of the death of
Jose Antonio Primo de Rivera1979 -
Grand Mosque Seizure: About 200 Sunni Muslims revolt in
Saudi Arabia at the site of the
Kaaba in
Mecca during the pilgrimage and take about 6000 hostages in the Kaaba. The Saudi government received help from French special forces to put down the uprising.
1983 - In the U.S., an estimated 100 million people watch the controversial made-for-
television movie
The Day After, depicting a
nuclear war and its effects on the United States.
1984 -
SETI is founded.
1985 -
Microsoft Windows 1.0 is released.
1989 -
Velvet Revolution: The number of protesters assembled in
Prague,
Czechoslovakia swells from 200,000 the day before to an estimated half-million.
1992 - In
England, a fire breaks out in the Private Chapel room of
Windsor Castle, rages for 15 hours, and seriously damages the northwest side of the building (an investigation found that the fire was ignited after a
spotlight came into contact with a curtain over an extended period).
1993 -
Savings and Loan scandal: The
United States Senate Ethics Committee issues a stern censure of
California senator
Alan Cranston for his "dealings" with savings-and-loan executive
Charles Keating.1993 - An Avioimpex Yak 42D crashed near
Ohrid,
Macedonia. The aircraft was on a flight from
Geneva,
Switzerland to
Skopje, but had been diverted to
Ohrid due to poor weather conditions at the Skopje airport. On landing the aircraft crashed into Mount Trojani near Ohrid. All eight crew members and 115 of the 116 passengers were killed.
1994 - The
Angolan government and
UNITA rebels sign the
Lusaka Protocol in
Zambia, ending 19 years of
civil war (localized fighting resumed the next year).
1998 - A court in
Taliban-controlled
Afghanistan declares accused terrorist
Osama bin Laden "a man without a sin" in regard to the
1998 U.S. embassy bombings in
Kenya and
Tanzania.1998 - The first module of the
International Space Station,
Zarya, was launched.
2001 - In
Washington, D.C., U.S. President
George W. Bush dedicates the
United States Department of Justice headquarters building as the Robert F. Kennedy Justice Building, honoring the late
Robert F. Kennedy on what would have been his 76th birthday.
2003 - After the
November 15 bombings, a second day of the
2003 Istanbul Bombings occurs in
Istanbul,
Turkey, destroying the Turkish head office of
HSBC Bank AS and the
British consulate.
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