1 September

Events5509 BC - Epoch of the late Byzantine calendar.462 - Possible start of first Byzantine indiction cycle.1355 - Tvrtko I writes in castro nostro Vizoka vocatum from old town Visoki.1532 - Lady Anne Boleyn is created Marchioness of Pembroke by her fiancée, King Henry VIII of England.1644 - Battle of Tippermuir, Montrose defeats Elcho's Covenanters, reviving Royalist cause.1715 - King Louis XIV of France dies after a reign of 72 years—the longest of any major  European monarch.1752 - The Liberty Bell arrives in Philadelphia.1763 - Catherine II of Russia endorses Ivan Betskoy's plans for a Foundling Home in Moscow1772 - Mission San Luis Obispo de Tolosa founded in San Luis Obispo, California. 1804 - Juno, one of the largest main belt asteroids, was discovered by German astronomer Karl Ludwig Harding.1807 - Former US Vice President Aaron Burr is acquitted of treason. 1836 - Narcissa Whitman, one of the first white women to settle west of the Rocky Mountains, arrives at Walla Walla, Washington. 1862 - American Civil War: Battle of Chantilly - Confederate forces attack retreating Union troops in Chantilly, Virginia. 1864 - American Civil War: Confederate General John Bell Hood evacuates Atlanta, Georgia after a four-month siege by General Sherman.1870 - Franco-Prussian War: Battle of Sedan is fought, resulting in a decisive Prussian victory.1873 - Cetshwayo ascends to the throne as king of the Zulu nation following the death of his father Mpande.1875 - A murder conviction effectively forces the violent Irish anti-owner coal miners, the "Molly Maguires", to disband. 1894 - Great Hinckley Fire: A forest fire in Hinckley, Minnesota, kills more than 400 people. 1897 - The Boston subway opens, becoming the first underground metro in North America.1902 - A Trip to the Moon, considered one of the first science fiction films, is released in France.1905 - Alberta and Saskatchewan join the Canadian confederation.1906 - the International Federation of Intellectual Property Attorneys (FICPI) is established. 1910 - Sport Club Corinthians Paulista, from Brazil, is founded.1914 - St. Petersburg, Russia changes its name to Petrograd. 1914 - The last passenger pigeon, a female named Martha, dies in captivity in the Cincinnati Zoo. 1923 - The Great Kantō earthquake devastates Tokyo and Yokohama, killing about 100,000 people.1928 - Ahmet Zogu declares Albania to be a monarchy and proclaims himself king.1934 - SMJK Sam Tet was founded by Father Fourgs from the St. Michael Church, Ipoh, Perak, Malaysia. 1939 - World War II: Nazi Germany attacks Poland, beginning the war. (See Invasion of Poland.)1939 - George C. Marshall becomes Chief of Staff of the United States Army.1939 - The Wound Badge for Wehrmacht, SS, Kriegsmarine, and Luftwaffe soldiers is instituted. The final version of the Iron Cross was also instituted on this date.1939 - Switzerland mobilises its forces and parliament elects Henri Guisan as head of army (an event that can only happen during war or during mobilisation)1943 - World War II: Italy accepts armistice terms.1951 - The United States, Australia and New Zealand sign a mutual defense pact, called the ANZUS Treaty.1960 - Disgruntled railroad workers effectively halt operations of the Pennsylvania Railroad, marking the first shutdown in the history of the company. 1962 - Channel Television launches to 54,000 households in the Channel Islands.1964 - Indian Oil Corporation  formed after merging Indian Oil Refineries and Indian Oil Company. 1969 - A revolution in Libya brings Col. Muammar al-Gaddafi to power, which was later transferred to the People's Committees.1970 - Attempted assassination of King Hussein of Jordan by Palestinian guerillas, who attacked his motorcade.1972 - In Reykjavík, Iceland, American Bobby Fischer beats Russian Boris Spassky and becomes the world chess champion. 1974 - The SR-71 Blackbird sets (and holds) the record for flying from New York to London: 1 hour 54 minutes and 56.4 seconds.1975 - The last original episode of the American television series Gunsmoke airs on CBS after a record 20-year run. 1979 - The American space probe Pioneer 11 becomes the first spacecraft to visit Saturn when it passes the planet at a distance of 21,000 km.1980 - Terry Fox's Marathon of Hope ends in Thunder Bay, Ontario.1980 - Chun Doo-hwan becomes president of South Korea after the resignation of Choi Kyu-ha.1981 - A coup d'état in the Central African Republic overthrows President David Dacko. 1982 - Canada adopts a Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms as part of its Constitution.1982 - The United States Air Force Space Command is founded.1983 - Cold War: Korean Air Flight 007 is shot down by a Soviet Union jet fighter when the commercial aircraft enters Soviet airspace. All 269 on board are killed, including US Congressmen Lawrence McDonald.1985 - A joint American-French expedition locates the wreck of the RMS Titanic.1988 - YTV was launched. 1990 - The Communist Labour Party of Turkey/Leninist is founded, following a split from the Communist Labour Party of Turkey.1991 - Uzbekistan declares independence from the Soviet Union1996 - Daniel Komen breaks the 3000 metres world record in Rieti, Italy2001 - Almost every single commercial television station in Vancouver, British Columbia switches network affiliations after a round of ownership changes in 2000 - the largest change in North America.2001 - The first orca calf (later named Nakai) is born through artificial insemination, to parents Kasatka and Tillikum.2004 - The Beslan school hostage crisis begins when armed terrorists take hundreds of school children and adults hostage in the Russian town of Beslan in North Ossetia.2005 - Seven members and former members of the AFL-CIO form a new trade union organization, the Change to Win Federation.2007 - Appalachian State becomes the first ever team in the college football division formerly known as 1-AA to defeat an AP top 25 team, upsetting then #5 Michigan 34 to 32.2007 - Clay Buchholz becomes the first rookie to throw a no-hitter for the Boston Red Sox as they beat the Baltimore Orioles 10-0
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