Events1138 - Cardinal Gregorio Conti is elected
anti-pope as
Victor IV, succeeding
Anacletus II.
1639 -
Harvard College was named for clergyman
John Harvard.
1781 -
William Herschel discovers the
planet Uranus.
1845 -
Felix Mendelssohn's Violin Concerto is premièred in
Leipzig with
Ferdinand David as soloist.
1862 -
American Civil War: The
U.S. federal government forbids all
Union army officers from returning fugitive slaves, thus effectively annulling the
Fugitive Slave Law of 1850 and setting the stage for the
Emancipation Proclamation.
1865 -
American Civil War: The
Confederate States of America reluctantly agrees to the use of
African American troops.
1881 -
Alexander II of Russia is killed near his palace when a bomb is thrown at him. (Gregorian date: it was
March 1 in the
Julian calendar then in use in
Russia.)
1884 - The siege of
Khartoum,
Sudan begins (ends on
January 26,
1885).
1897 -
San Diego State University founded.
1900 -
Boer War:
British forces occupy
Bloemfontein,
Orange Free State.1900 - In
France, length of a workday for women and children is limited to 11 hours by law.
1921 -
Mongolia, under Baron
Roman Ungern von Sternberg, declares its independence from
China.
1925 -
Scopes Trial: A law in
Tennessee prohibits the teaching of
evolution.
1930 - The news of the discovery of
Pluto was telegraphed to the
Harvard College Observatory.
1933 -
Great Depression: Banks in the
United States begin to re-open after the Presidentially mandated "
bank holiday".
1940 - Russo-Finnish
Winter War ended.
1943 -
World War II: In
Bougainville,
Japanese troops end their assault on
American forces at
Hill 700. 1943 -
Holocaust:
German forces liquidate the
Jewish ghetto in Kraków.
1954 -
Battle of Điện Biên Phủ:
Viet Minh forces attack the
French.
1957 -
Cuban student revolutionaries storm the
presidential palace in
Havana in a failed attempt on the life of
President Fulgencio Batista.
1962 -
Lyman Lemnitzer, chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff in the USA, proposes a document, called
Operation Northwoods, regarding performing
terrorist attacks in
Guantanamo Bay, to
Secretary of Defense Robert Mcnamara. The proposal is scrapped and
President John F. Kennedy removes Lemnitzer from his position.
1969 -
Apollo program:
Apollo 9 returns safely to
Earth after testing the
Lunar Module.
1979 - The
New Jewel Movement, headed by
Maurice Bishop, ousts
Prime Minister Eric Gairy in a nearly bloodless
coup d'etat in
Grenada.
1986 -
Microsoft has its
Initial public offering.
1989 - A
geomagnetic storm caused the collapse of the Hydro-Quebec power grid. Six million people were
left without power for nine hours.
1991 - The
United States Justice Department announces that
Exxon has agreed to pay $1 billion for the clean-up of the
Exxon Valdez oil spill in
Alaska.
1992 - An
earthquake registering 6.8 on the
Richter scale kills over 500 in
Erzincan, eastern
Turkey.
1996 -
The Dunblane Massacre: in
Dunblane,
Scotland, 16 children and 1 adult teacher are shot dead by a
spree killer who then commits suicide.
1997 -
India's
Missionaries of Charity chooses
Sister Nirmala to succeed
Mother Teresa as its leader.
1997 - The
Phoenix lights were seen over
Phoenix, Arizona, & were seen by hundreds of people, & millions on
television. And are now, hotly debated in controversy.
2003 -
Human evolution: The journal
Nature reports that 350,000-year-old upright-walking
human footprints have been found in
Italy.
2006 -
Isaac Hayes - the voice of Chef in the cartoon
South Park quit his job.
2007 - The
Bank of England launched a new £20, featuring the Scottish economist
Adam Smith. It was the first note in the new Series F banknotes
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